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Alloy Exam Exercises

Topic appears in the following WE1 Exams:

  • 2022 01 13 Q1
  • 2021 09 03 Q1
  • 2021 07 26 Q1
  • 2021 06 24 Q1
  • 2021 02 05 Q1
  • 2021 01 13 Q1

Therefore it appears in 100% of the WE1 exams.

2021 06 24 WE1 Q1 (7 points) Truck Company

Consider a transportation company that is organizing a package pick-up service. The company has a certain number of trucks and drivers. All trucks have the same size. Each day, each driver drives a single truck (the same driver can drive different trucks in different days).

A pick-up request is specified by the origin and the size of the package (for simplicity, assume there are only two sizes, small and large).

A travel plan is associated with a driver and a truck in a certain day and is defined in terms of the packages that must be collected by that driver during the day, using the specified truck.

Point A (2 points)

Define suitable Alloy signatures – and any related constraints – to describe the problem above.

abstract sig Size {}
one sig Small extends Size {}
one sig Large extends Size {}
sig Place {}
sig Day {}

sig Package {
  origin: Place,
  size: Size
}
sig Driver {}
sig Truck {}

sig TravelPlan {
  day: Day,
  driver: Driver,
  packages: set Package,
  truck: Truck
}

fact packageInAtMostOneTravelPlan {
  all pk: Package, tp1: TravelPlan, tp2: TravelPlan |
    (tp1 != tp2 and pk in tp1.packages) implies pk not in tp2.packages
}

Point B (2 points)

Define a signature TruckStatus that represents the snapshot of a truck, that is, the truck with its current content and current driver. Ensure that the following constraint holds: a truck never exceeds its maximum capacity, which corresponds to an amount of packages whose size is equivalent to 2 large packages. We consider that the size of one large package is equivalent to the size of 4 small packages.

pred sizePackagesCoherent[ps: set Package] {
  // 0 Large
  (#ps <= 8 and no p: Package | p in ps and p.size = Large) or
  // 1 large
  (#ps <= 5 and one p: Package | p in ps and p.size = Large) or
  // 2 Large
  (#ps <= 2)
}

sig TruckStatus {
  truck: one Truck,
  currentDriver: lone Driver,
  currentContent: set Package
}{sizePackagesCoherent[currentContent]}

Point C (1.5 points)

Formalize the following constraint: a travel plan should never exceed the truck capacity.

fact noTravelPlanExceedsCapacity {
  all tp: TravelPlan | sizePackagesCoherent[tp.packages]
}

Point D (1.5 points)

Formalize the following constraint: drivers and trucks cannot be assigned to multiple travel plans in the same day.

fact AtMostOneTralvelPlanPerDayAndDriver {
  all disj tp1, tp2: TravelPlan | (tp1.driver = tp2.driver) => tp1.day != tp2.day
}

fact AtMostOneTralvelPlanPerDayAndTruck {
  all disj tp1, tp2: TravelPlan | (tp1.truck = tp2.truck) => tp1.day != tp2.day
}
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